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The in-in formalism and cosmological perturbations
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This post is written by two great guys Peter Adshead (his photo is on the left) and Eugene Lim (on the right). Peter is a PhD student of Richard Easther at Yale U., while Eugene is Richard’s former postdoc now working at Columbia U. Dmitry. |  |
The discovery of the anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) by the COBE satellite in 1992 heralded in a new era of cosmology. Instead of simply studying the gross evolution of the universe (usually termed “background evolution”), cosmologists now study the structure and evolution of the tiny perturbations about this background. The anisotropies observed in the CMB are believed to be the seeds from which all of the structure (stars, galaxies etc.) we observe today eventually grew. These perturbations, detected as an average of over/under-density of 
, are thought to be generated during an early period of accelerated expansion – inflation.
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